Leaving home and entering service was a key transition in early modern England. This paper presents evidence on the age of apprenticeship in London. Using a new sample of 22,156 apprentices bound between 1575 and 1810, we find that apprentices became younger (from 17.4 to 14.7 years) and more...

This paper uses recently digitised samples of apprentices and masters in London and Bristol to quantify the practice of apprenticeship in the late 17th century. Apprenticeship appears much more fluid than is traditionally understood. Many apprentices did not complete their terms of indenture;...

The core question addressed in this paper is: What happens tofacts after their construction? The main contribution is to analysethe different practices of disseminating, circulating and crossfertilizingmodel-produced facts about Haemophilus influenzaetype b and Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterial...

Both the quantity and quality of education and training in Britain are being comparedunfavourably with arrangements in other countries at a time when public expenditure isfacing the most stringent constraints. This paper starts from the presumption thatimprovements in the quality and quantity of...

[...]What might account for this link between parentalincome and children’s income? Many economists believethat this relationship is due in large part to differentialhuman-capital investment between high-income andlow-income families. High-income parents can invest inmore (and better)...