This paper is based on the idea that the effort exerted by children, parents and schools affects the outcome of the …

addresses this question by estimating the effect of childhood exposure to China's Great Famine on adult health and labor market … adult health, educational attainment and labor supply. The results show that exposure to famine had significant adverse … effects on adult health and work capacity. The magnitude of the effect is negatively correlated with age at the onset of the …

and purchased child care (e.g. childminders, nannies) for the care and rearing of children. The theoretical model implies …

Societies socialize children about sex. This is done in the presence of peer-group effects, which may encourage … undesirable behavior. Parents want the best for their children. Still, they weigh the marginal gains from socializing their … children against its costs. Churches and states may stigmatize sex, both because of a concern about the welfare of their flocks …

deterioration of the health care system, changes in diet and obesity, and material deprivation fail to explain the increase in …

Strengthening the relationship of accountability between health service providers and citizens is by many people viewed … as critical for improving access to and quality of health care. How this is to be achieved, and whether it works, however … communities began to more extensively monitor the provider, both the quality and quantity of health service provision improved …

We study the short-run effect of involuntary job loss on comprehensive measures of public health costs. We focus on job … loss induced by plant closure, thereby addressing the reverse causality problem of deteriorating health leading to job loss … as job displacements due to plant closure are unlikely caused by workers' health status, but potentially have important …