or societal laws benefiting religious citizens. Rising income inequality can, however, lead some of the rich to form a …

of economic activity depend on protecting private property from expropriation, but the model predicts this can only be …

mitigate the risk of expropriation by reducing corporate transparency. Lower transparency, in turn, leads to inefficient … that the negative effect of expropriation risk on corporate transparency is stronger for industries that are especially … vulnerable to expropriation, in particular, for industries whose profits are highly correlated with oil prices. Controlling for …

, we find that the legacy of slavery does not affect current income per capita, but does affect current income inequality …. Moreover, we find that the impact of slavery on current income inequality is determined by racial inequality. We test three … alternative channels of transmission between slavery and inequality: a land inequality theory, a racial discrimination theory and …

Intergenerational inequality and old-age poverty are salient issues in contemporary China. China's aging population …

Because of their more limited inequality and more comprehensive social welfare systems, many perceive average welfare … entrepreneurs (thus greater inequality) increases entrepreneurial e¤ort and hence a country’s contribution to the world technology … “cutthroat”capitalism that generates greater inequality and more innovation and will become the technology leaders, while others …

countries. We construct measures of ethnic inequality combining ethnolinguistic maps on the spatial distribution of groups with … satellite images of light density at night. Ethnic inequality is strongly inversely related to per capita income; this pattern … holds when we condition on the overall degree of spatial inequality -that is also associated with underdevelopment. We …

The empirical literature on the relationship between inequality and growth offers a contradictory assessment …-based methods are prone to reflect the mostly positive shortor medium-run implications of inequality while the level … overall impact of inequality in the long run. …