When penalties for first-time offenders are restricted, it is typically optimal for the lawmaker to overdeter repeat … offenders. First-time offenders are then deterred not only by the (restricted) fine for a first offense, but also by the … prospect of a large fine for a subsequent offense. Now suppose the restriction on penalties for first-time offenders is relaxed …

We develop an agency model of organized crime accounting for the main trade-offs involved by the introduction of an …

, attitudes and preferences. Using surveys of individual values in 76 countries, we find that ethnic identity is a significant …

We revisit the question of the efficiency of individual decisions to be protected against crime for the cases of both …. A decrease in the global crime payoff is detrimental to a victim if protection is observable, while it is beneficial …

market outcomes reinforce each other to imply high crime rates among blacks living in cities. This is referred to as the … experience the same labour market and crime outcomes and live together. This is referred to as the non-discriminating equilibrium … of crime is greater. Consequently, if there were no spatial dimension in this economy so that all workers were residing …

We propose a market-for-offenses model of property crime, which explicitly accounts for protection expenditures among … heterogeneous individuals. The crime equilibrium is modeled as a free-access equilibrium in which the match between criminals and … victims equates the average returns to crime. We borrow from the literature on the economics of conflicts in order to define …

show that in the cross-section dimension, crime and unemployment are positively associated. Second, we find that increases … in youth unemployment induce increases in crime. Using the predicted industrial structure to instrument unemployment, we … show that this effect is causal for burglaries, thefts, and drug offences. To combat crime, it appears thus that all …

We evaluate the impact on crime of a localized policing experiment that depenalized the possession of small quantities … move there to purchase cannabis; (ii) enable the Lambeth police to reallocate effort towards other types of crime. We … investigate whether the depenalization policy impacts the level and composition of crime, using administrative records on criminal …