with a range of political economy outcomes -- civil conflict, redistribution, economic growth and the provision of public …, originating thousands of years ago, lead to measures of diversity that are better predictors of civil conflict and redistribution …

, however, which can explain why this redistribution often takes an inefficient form. In this paper we develop a theory of why … redistribution is made inefficiently. Inefficient redistribution makes staying in or entering a group relatively more attractive than … efficient methods of redistribution. The form of redistribution is therefore a tool to sustain political power in situations …

an incomplete contract which sets the rules of the game. The question we pose is how to combine ex ante efficiency of the … design with ex post efficiency of the outcomes in the decision-making game. The paper shows that in common policies there are … no designs that lead to both types of efficiency but flexible integration is a way to achieve both. …

– federalism, Chinese style. We suggest a range of incentives that propel local governments toward SOE reform, including their … harder budget constraints and increased competition from the non-state sector. In this sense, Chinese style federalism, has …