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Multiplicative and fractional strategies when journals are assigned to several sub-fields

Herranz, Neus; Ruiz-Castillo, Javier - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2011

In many datasets, articles are classified into sub-fields through the journals in which they have been published. The problem is that many journals are assigned to a single sub-field, but many others are assigned to several sub-fields. This paper discusses a multiplicative and a fractional...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009371466

The end of the European Paradox

Herranz, Neus; Ruiz-Castillo, Javier - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2011

This paper evaluates the European Paradox according to which Europe plays a leading world role in terms of scientific excellence, measured in terms of the number of publications, but lacks the entrepreneurial capacity of the U.S. to transform this excellent performance into innovation, growth,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009371473

Sub-field normalization in the multiplicative case: Average-based citation indicators

Herranz, Neus; Ruiz-Castillo, Javier - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2011

This paper investigates the citation impact of three large geographical areas -- the U.S., the European Union (EU), and the rest of the world (RW) -- at different aggregation levels. The difficulty is that 42% of the 3.6 million articles in our Thomson Scientific dataset are assigned to several...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009399720

Sub-field normalization in the multiplicative case: High- and low-impact citation indicators

Herranz, Neus; Ruiz-Castillo, Javier - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2011

This paper uses high- and low-impact citation indicators for the evaluation of the citation performance of research units at different aggregate levels. To solve the problem of the assignment of individual articles to multiple sub-fields, it follows a multiplicative strategy according to which...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009399723

The Skewness of Science in 219 Sub-Fields and a Number of Aggregates

Albarrán, Pedro; Crespo, Juan A.; Ortuño-Ortín, Ignacio - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2010

This paper studies evidence from Thomson Scientific about the citation process of 3.7 million articles published in the period 1998-2002 in 219 Web of Science categories, or sub-fields. Reference and citation distributions have very different characteristics across sub-fields. However, when...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008784765

Make Trade not War?

Martin, Philippe; Mayer, Thierry; Thoenig, Mathias - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2005

This paper analyses theoretically and empirically the relationship between trade and war. We show that the intuition … that trade promotes peace is only partially true even in a model where trade is beneficial to all, war reduces trade and … leaders take into account the costs of war. When war can occur because of the presence of asymmetric information, the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005504509

The Geography of Inter-State Resource Wars

Caselli, Francesco; Morelli, Massimo; Rohner, Dominic - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2013

We establish a theoretical as well as empirical framework to assess the role of resource endowments and their geographic location for inter-State conflict. The main predictions of the theory are that conflict tends to be more likely when at least one country has natural resources; when the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011083646

Growth, Import Dependence and War

Bonfatti, Roberto; O'Rourke, Kevin Hjortshøj - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2014

Existing theories of pre-emptive war typically predict that the leading country may choose to launch a war on a … was Japan who launched a war against the West in 1941, not the West that pre-emptively attacked Japan. Similarly, many … have argued that trade makes war less likely, yet World War I erupted at a time of unprecedented globalization. This paper …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011084262

Self-enforcing Norms and the Efficient Non-cooperative Organization of Clans

Konrad, Kai A.; Leininger, Wolfgang - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2007

We study how norms can solve distributional conflict inside a clan and the efficient coordination of collective action in a conflict with an external enemy. We characterize a fully non-cooperative equilibrium in a finite game in which a self-enforcing norm coordinates the members on efficient...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005656134

The Strategic Determinants of U.S. Human Rights Reporting: Evidence from the Cold War

Qian, Nancy; Yanagizawa-Drott, David - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2008

.S., we compare this bias between U.S. Cold War (CW) allies to non-CW allies, before and after the CW ended. The results show …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005789167