-specific fiscal shocks. Differences in the cyclicality of fiscal revenues affect the option value of borrowing and resulting default …

We develop a sovereign debt model with official and private creditors where default risk depends on both the level and … presence of long-term debt overhang, the availability of official funds increases the probability of default on existing debt …, although default does not trigger exclusion from private credit markets. These findings help shed light on joint default and …

one-period debt and can renege on its obligations by suffering a stochastic default cost. When faced with a credible … default threat, creditors can make a take-it-or-leave-it debt haircut offer to the sovereign. The risk of renegotiation is …