favourable for innovation incentives. This is consistent with empirical evidence, suggesting that countries with a more equal …

This paper looks at the genesis of innovation in the United States from a territorial perspective. The analysis aims to … disentangle the impact of local R&D expenditure from other contextual conditions supportive of the process of innovation …. Particular emphasis is devoted to the role of socio-economic factors and systems of innovation conditions (‘social filter …

Innovation is a crucial driver of urban and regional economic success. Innovative cities and regions tend to grow … small body of innovators gain relative to others, innovation may lead to inequality. The evidence on this point is … first comparative evidence on the link between innovation and inequality in a continental perspective. Using micro data from …

in three areas. First, we use identical twins, to control for family effects and genetic ability bias, and the education … findings suggest lower ability bias in within-twin pair regressions than pooled regressions. Third, using data on twins smoking … we show smoking reflects family background and using it as an instrument exacerbates ability bias. …

distribution of VAR impulse response estimators is undermined by the estimator’s bias. A natural conjecture is that impulse … estimators tend to have both higher bias and higher variance, resulting in pointwise impulse response confidence intervals that …

choices are private information. It is optimal for the organization to `bias' the second contest in favor of the early winner …

illustrates the tight link between parameter identification and the scope for bias that is generated by the autocoherence …