markets that welcome innovation, while Europe remains under the control of corporatist institutions that dampen competition …

competition is shown to have a stimulating effect on growth. Indeed, by reducing the amount of slack a manager can afford while … keeping his firm alive, competition, combined with the threat of liquidation acts as a disciplinary device which fosters … this growth-enhancing effect of competition. …

competition is less intense, but perform substantially worse (are less likely to be admitted) when applying to very selective …

Payer-driven competition has been widely advocated as a means of increasing efficiency in health care markets. The 1990 …s reforms to the UK health service followed this path. We examine whether competition led to better outcomes for … patients, as measured by death rates after treatment following heart attacks. We exploit differences in competition over time …

microfoundations, the welfare consequences of rent seeking can be studied. In particular, I show that competition among rent seekers …

that competition does not guarantee that exchanges choose welfare maximizing trading rules. In some cases, welfare is …

This Paper introduces optimal competition: the best form of competition in an industry that a competition authority can … competition outcome in an industry becomes more competitive as more money is spent in the industry, as the competition authority … puts less weight on producer surplus and more weight on employment. The relation between competition and entry costs is U …