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This paper analyzes the dynamic interaction between norms - internalized restraints on opportunistic behaviour - and institutions - restraints on such behaviour deriving from external enforcement. When individuals following a norm suffer pecuniary losses to doing so, the norm is eroded....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005791452
, costly adoption and spillovers from the world technology frontier. Despite its parsimonious parametrization, our empirical …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008854520
" costs of war, such as lost human capital, as illustrated by case studies of World War I and World War II. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005504411
Theory and empirics are ambiguous on the effect of democracy on growth. Cross-country studies find that democracy has no significant impact on growth. In contrast, within-country studies find a strong positive effect of transition to democracy. We reconcile this inconsistency by showing that the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011084006
Over the last two centuries, many countries experienced regime transitions toward democracy. We document this democratic transition over a long time horizon. We use historical time series of income, education and democracy levels from 1870 to 2000 to explore the economic factors associated with...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009320398
candidates and available policy alternatives. We show that both sides may be caught in an ideology trap: because voters expect … the perceived ideology of office holders to determine their political actions, politicians are tempted to act according to … their perceived ideology, resulting in political failure. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008468503
national borders, close to the capital cities or to other parts of the world, they suggest that the cross-country positive …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011084103
We investigate the role of deeply-rooted pre-colonial ethnic institutions in shaping comparative regional development within African countries. We combine information on the spatial distribution of ethnicities before colonization with regional variation in contemporary economic performance, as...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011084243
We investigate jointly the importance of contemporary country-level institutional structures and local ethnicity-specific pre-colonial institutions in shaping comparative regional development in Africa. We utilize information on the spatial distribution of African ethnicities before colonization...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008683528
We propose a theory by which geographic variations in the transparency of the production process explain cross-regional differences in the scale of the state, in its hierarchical structure, and in property rights over land. The key linkage between geography and these institutions, we posit, is...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011083761