social security tax, and social security emerges. …

smoothly over lifetime consumption. When stock markets are depressed equity should be bought, savings and consumption should be …

This paper analyses the changes to the tax and social security systems that have occurred since Czechoslovakia …'s `velvet revolution' in 1989. It shows how the tax system is moving to meet the requirements of a market economy. It suggests … administrative complexity.A tax-benefit model is used to look at two particular aspects of tax and social security design. It shows …

This paper proposes a methodology for computing effective average tax rates using national accounts and revenue … statistics, and applies it to construct time-series of tax rates for the seven largest industrialized countries. The resulting … tax rates are consistent with available estimates of marginal tax rates, and with basic principles linking tax rates to …

crisis. The paper recommends obligatory private savings at a variable rate where the time path of the savings rate is chosen …

fiscal policy in a dynamic general equilibrium set up; the main topics covered in this section are credibility of tax policy …

risk; unobservability of fiscal shocks makes bond pricing responsive to market actions. When tax revenues are hit by common …