Netherlands. Key findings include the following. Adequate levels of retirement spending exceed 80 percent of working life spending … during retirement. However, there is no consensus on the answer to the underlying question about what this standard should be … Netherlands are much more risk averse than U.S. households. …

address this question in the context of a recent German pension reform which raised the statutory retirement age by two years … of work ability at retirement and fundamental opposition. Our results show that expected work ability declines …