elites is that meritocracy became the basis for their recruitment. Although meritocratic selection should result in the best … being chosen, we show that meritocratic recruitment actually leads to class stratification and auto-recruitment. We analyze … the consequences of stratification resulting from meritocratic selection for the development of a country, and show that …

This paper reviews empirical evidence, especially from Europe, on how education and training policies can be designed … education and schools over vocational and higher education to training and lifelong learning. The available evidence suggests … deliver best results. Designed this way, education and training systems can advance efficiency and equity at the same time. …

In contexts such as education and sports, skill-accumulation of individuals over time crucially depends on the amount … of training they receive, which is often allocated on the basis of repeated selection. We analyze optimal selection … policies in a model of endogenous skill formation where, apart from their ability to transform training into skills …

combination with continuous training. Based on German micro data, we find empirical evidence in support of training leading to … innovation within a multivariate regression framework. However, when instrumenting training by the existence of a union …

Theories of market failures and targeting motivate the promotion of entrepreneurship training programs and generate …

training. While there is little if any evidence in support of under-provision because of liquidity constraints to the demand … side of the market, there is evidence that employers provide and pay for general training, and that the provision of skills … encourages labor turnover. The combination of these two facts suggests that the labor market provides less training than optimal …

Community Household Panel to ask whether local density affects employer-provided training. We find that training is less … of employer-provided training by 0.07, more than 20 percent of the average incidence of training in the UK during the …

wage compression and training incidence in 11 European countries. After controlling for individual factors and country … training, both firm-specific and general. While the finding for firm-specific training is consistent with both competitive and … non-competitive approaches, the result for general training is only consistent with the non-competitive approach. …

This paper presents the results of a randomized experiment analyzing the use of vouchers for adult training. In 2006, 2 …,400 people were issued with a training voucher which they were entitled to use in payment for a training course of their choice … impact on participation in training modules. Nevertheless, the increase was partially offset by a deadweight loss in excess …