just signaling for active involvement in lobbying action, since we find evidence that actual meeting attendance has a …

studies how lobbying by both groups shapes the government’s policy. We find that downtown retailers typically have steeper … lobbying contribution schedules than superstores, which induces the government to underprice central roads and parking spaces …, extending the model to allow for lobbying by residents within the downtown retail district we find that residents may lobby for …

In this paper we model the commercial lobbying industry (such as the so-called K-Street lobbyists of Washington, D ….C.). In contrast to classical special interest groups commercial lobbying firms are not directly motivated by policy outcomes … level of commercial lobbying services is typically socially inefficient, and characterize the nature of the distortions …