Although many papers have looked at the effect of physical activity on obesity and other health outcomes, the causal nature of this relationship remains unclear. We try to fill this gap by investigating the impact of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and work-related physical activity (WRPA)...

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a serious public health problem, and can be considered an "epidemic" in growth. Obesity, hyperlipidemia and smoking accelerate the progression culminating in need of treatment. Life expectancy at every age is reduced, the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke...