intense knowledge exchange, network building and idea generation can thus be seen as temporary clusters. The present paper … claimed, lies in the restrictions imposed upon economic activity when knowledge and ideas are transformed into valuable … products and services. The paper sheds new light on how interaction among firms in current clusters coincides with knowledge …

within a field of knowledge or activity. The localized learning argument consists of two distinct yet related elements. One …

in which the offshore outsourcing of a corporation goes through a sequence of stages towards sourcing for innovation … low-cost countries: the insourcer/vendor may not only offer cost advantages, but also quality improvement and innovation …