The paper presents a three period model that studies the eects of IMF loans on borrowers’ and lenders’ welfare highlighting the fact that the IMF has both de jure and de facto seniority rights over private creditors. It is shown that an IMF intervention affects borrowers and...

Standard theory of small open economies predicts a smooth path for consumption and investment over time, and procyclical current account balances and employment. This contrasts with the data for emerging countries, where consumption, investment and employment are highly procyclical and volatile,...

The relevance of transport costs has increased as liberalization continues to reduce artificial barriers to trade. Countries need to adopt policies to “get closer†to global markets. Can improvements in infrastructure and regulation reduce transport costs? Is it worthwhile to implement...

Using firm level data, Bernard and Jensen (1995, 1999, 2001) find that exporters are bigger and more productive than non-exporters. These studies also find that the identity of exporting firms changes over time and that fixed entry and participation costs influence firm's decision to enter and...

This paper studies an international tax policy design problem by employing a two-country dynamic general equilibrium model with incomplete asset markets. We investigate the possibility of welfare-improving active tax policies, in particular capital and labor income tax, under the non-cooperative...

This paper addresses estimation and decomposition of total factor productivity (TFP) change. Usually TFP change is decomposed into technical change and scale effects. If inefficiency exists, it also contributes to productivity change. Here we decompose productivity change into efficiency change...