We study how upgrading the skills of the personnel affects a firms performance. Two different strategies are examined : 1) providing formal training and 2) strategic recruitment and separation policy. The use of register-based longitudinal employer-employee data supplemented with a survey on...

We study whether older workers are costly to firms. Our estimation equations are derived from a variant of the decomposition methods frequently used for measuring micro-level sources of industry productivity growth. By using comprehensive linked employer-employee data from the Finnish business...

Unequal division of labor within families is often mentioned as one of the main factors behind the gender wage gap. However, the research that explicitly focuses on the mechanisms through which the family type affects womens wages is relatively small. The purpose of this paper is to describe the...

The impact of parental leave on women`s carees and earnings - A literature review The role of various child care leaves in the family gap in pay remains unclear. This survey on international literature sheds light on the impact of career interruptions due to the care of newborns on womens career...