In this paper we document how the unequal liberalisation of business regulation across Russia’s regions leads to varying effects on the diversification of Russia’s economy. We find that national liberalisation laws were better enforced in those regions with more transparent government. As a...

Commodity resources offer vast opportunities for development. In the long run, however, the performance of commodity-rich countries tends to fall short of expectations, as commodity rents induce macroeconomic volatility and undermine incentives to improve institutions. The paper looks at the...