This paper investigates the dynamics of aggregate wages and prices in the UnitedStates (US) and the Euro Area (EA) with a special focus on persistence of real wages,wage and price inflation. The analysis is conducted within a structural vector errorcorrectionmodel, where the structural shocks...

This paper explores the statistical properties of household consumption-expenditurebudget share distributions —defined as the share of household total expenditure spentfor purchasing a specific category of commodities— for a large sample of Italianhouseholds in the period 1989-2004. We find...

This paper estimates the wealth effects on consumption in the euro area as a whole. Ishow that: (i) financial wealth effects are relatively large and statistically significant;(ii) housing wealth effects are virtually nil and not significant; (iii) consumptiongrowth exhibits strong persistence...

We use inflation and income growth expectations from the ECB Consumer Expectations Survey to measure the subjective expected pass-through of inflation to income in the main euro area countries. By aggregating consumers' responses to probabilistic questions, we obtain significantly higher...

This report presents the key findings of a study conducted by the European Central Bank (ECB) on the payment attitudes of consumers in the euro area (SPACE) in 2024. It compares these findings with those of the previous SPACE studies (in 2019 and 2022) and, where relevant, with an earlier ECB...

This paper studies the heterogeneity of the marginal propensity to consume out of wealth using French household surveys. We find decreasing marginal propensity to consume out of wealth across the wealth distribution for all net wealth components. The marginal propensity to consume out of...

U.S. consumers' demand for cash is estimated with new panel micro data for 2008-2010 using econometric methodology similar to Mulligan and Sala-i-Martin (2000), Attanasio, Guiso, and Jappelli (2002), and Lippi and Secchi (2009). We extend the Baumol-Tobin model to allow for credit card payments...

Many trade models of monopolistic competition identify cost efficiency as the main determinant of firm performance in export markets. To date, the analysis of demand factors has received much less attention. We propose a new model where consumer preferences are asymmetric across varieties and...

This paper analyses empirically how cross-border consumption varies across product and services categories and across household characteristics. It focuses on the part of cross-border sales that arise due to work-related cross-border crossings; it analyses the cross-border consumption behaviour...

Mortgages constitute the largest part of household debt. An essential choice when taking out a mortgage is between fixed-interest-rate mortgages (FRMs) and adjustable-interest-rate mortgages (ARMs). However, so far, no comprehensive cross-country study has analyzed what determines household...