situation poses to price stability. We propose to regard the central banker as a risk manager who aims to contain inflation … within pre-specified bounds. We develop formal tools of risk management that may be used to quantify and forecast the risks … of failing to attain that objective. We illustrate the use of these risk measures in practice. First, we show how to …

We find evidence of a bank lending channel for the euro area operating via bank risk. Financial innovation and the new … ways to transfer credit risk have tended to diminish the informational content of standard bank balance-sheet indicators …. We show that bank risk conditions, as perceived by financial market investors, need to be considered, together with the …

We discuss the notion of liquidity and liquidity risk within the financial system. We distinguish between three … the root of liquidity risk lies in information asymmetries and the existence of incomplete markets. The role of central … risk. JEL Classification: G10, G20 …

finds that common shocks – key crisis events as well as changes to global liquidity and risk – have exerted a large effect …, country risk and the strength of domestic macroeconomic fundamentals. Comparing and quantifying these effects shows that …

that rather than using the single short-term, low-risk interest rate as in current official statistics, reference rates … should more closely match the risk characteristics of loans and deposits. For the euro area, imputed bank output is, on …

The paper analyses and compares the role that the tightening in liquidity conditions and the collapse in risk appetite … shocks have had a more severe impact on advanced economies, it was mainly the decline in risk appetite that affected emerging … within types of economies, with Europe being more adversely affected by the fall in risk appetite than other advanced …

The paper analyses the transmission of liquidity shocks and risk shocks to global financial markets. Using a Global VAR … strong during the 2010-11 sovereign debt crisis, with risk shocks driving down bond yields in key advanced economies. The …