This paper analyses differences in employment volatility in foreign-owned and domestic companies using firm-level data … from 24 European countries. The presence of foreign-owned companies may lead to higher employment volatility because … more exposed to external shocks. We assess the conditional employment volatility of firms with foreign and domestic owners …

, which would in turn increase innovation and competition in the European payments sector. A digital euro would also help …

, which would in turn increase innovation and competition in the European payments sector. A digital euro would also help …

-time employment across many euro area countries, whilst increasing European employment rates, have contributed to the downward trend …

then estimate the dynamic response of the employment level, the employment rate and the participation rate using the region … shocks that cause stronger and more persistent reactions of the employment and the participation rate. However, we detect a …

the euro area. Employment began to rise again in the first half of 2011, but declined once more at the end of that year … fall in GDP, employment adjustment has been relatively muted at the aggregate euro area level, mostly due to significant … some euro area countries, in others dramatic changes in employment and unemployment rates have been observed and, indeed …