This literature review of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of antenatal screening was conducted as part of a project evaluating the effectiveness of antenatal screening (ANS) for HIV, hepatitis B, syphilis and rubella susceptibility in EU/EEA Member States. The purpose of this review was...

The aim of this review was to assist decision-makers by identifying and summarising existing economic evaluations and cost-effectiveness analyses associated with the control and/or prevention of HAIs. Moreover, we identified common assumptions which would be desirable for a common framework to...

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) conducted a literature review to guide its proposal of a methodology for assessing training needs in the European Union (EU) Member States and European Economic Area (EEA) countries. The scope of the ECDC Training Needs Assessment...

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide. It is caused by persistent infection with oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV). More than 200 types of HPV have been identified and more than 40 types of them infect the genital tract. HPV 16 and 18 are the two...

This literature review aims to identify the range of methods used to rank communicable disease threats for the purposes of preparedness planning and evaluate which are the most robust methodologies. Communicable diseases are defined according to the EU's list of communicable diseases for...

The literature reviews in this report bring together published evidence about the prevalence and reproductive tract complications of chlamydia infection, and about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of chlamydia screening interventions.

Behavioural or social theories and models are considered an important tool in effective behaviour change interventions and programmes. They can identify the changes that take place, explain and support change dynamics, identify key influences on outcomes and select those participants most likely...

'Immunisation hesitancy' has negatively impacted population uptake of routine immunisation. A substantial body of evaluated communication activity promoting nationally indicated routine immunisation has been published. This systematic review of the evidence aims to: collate and map the types of...

This rapid literature review by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Vaccine Trust Group is part of a European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) project entitled 'Comprehensive expert opinion on motivating hesitant population groups to vaccinate', managed by World...