This first update of the original guide was prompted by the evolution of the Zika virus epidemic, a new classification of countries and areas based on their epidemiological profile, and recent scientific developments since the first edition of this guide. This summary contains only main changes...

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide. It is caused by persistent infection with oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV). More than 200 types of HPV have been identified and more than 40 types of them infect the genital tract. HPV 16 and 18 are the two...

This tutorial presents the fundamental concepts of PPE and barrier nursing. By this it aims to strengthen capabilities and capacities in hospital preparedness across Europe and in other countries with equivalent standards in healthcare. The main learning objectives are: - to know the technical...

HIV transmission remains a major public health concern and affects more than 2 million people in the WHO European Region, particularly in the eastern part of the Region. This report is the latest in a series published jointly by European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the...

HIV transmission remains a major public health concern and affects more than 2 million people in the WHO European Region, particularly in the eastern part of the Region. This report is the latest in a series published jointly by European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the...

External quality assessments (EQA) are an essential part of any laboratory-based surveillance system, allowing for the monitoring of performance and comparability of results from participating laboratories, identification of potential issues and deployment of resources and training where...

Online and digital/social media are increasingly important communication channels for reaching audiences in a targeted and cost-effective manner. Gay and bisexual men have long been early adopters of technology and the use of the technology by gay and bisexual men, and other men who have sex...