This report examines the environmental technology verification (ETV) systems in the context of the Environmental Technologies Action Plan (ETAP) implementation strategy (European Commission). The organisational structure of existing ETV systems and related European ones is studied and financial...

We document two independent analyses that were conducted to support the inclusion of cold-start emissions in the Real-Driving Emissions (RDE) test procedure. First, we present the results of a scoping review on cold-start frequencies and trip distances in Europe. Second, we present a scenario...

Carbon sequestration is a distinct technological option to control carbon emissions, complementing other measures such as improvements in energy efficiency and utilization of renewable energy sources. Carbon sequestration is most applicable to large combustion plants and specifically to thermal...

The Commission Regulations (EC) No 692/2008 and 715/2007 set the regulatory framework for type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5/6. In particular these regulations set the emission standards and the related implementing...

The Commission Regulations (EC) No 692/2008 and 715/2007 set the regulatory framework for type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5/6. In particular these regulations set the emission standards and the related implementing...

The BREF entitled 'Refining of Mineral Oil and Gas' forms part of a series presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, and the Commission, to draw up, review, and where...

The report presents a study on nitrogen and phosphorus pressures at the European scale. The objective of the research was the development and implementation of a modelling approach to estimate the actual nitrogen and phosphorus pressures on surface water quality at medium and large basin scale...

This report was drafted for the Administrative Arrangement of JRC and DG CLIMA on "Analysis of greenhouse gas emission trends and drivers" and contains the literature review on emission trends and drivers, and describes two common methods of trend analysis: (i) decomposition methods for defining...

This second report of the AA on "Analysis of greenhouse gas emission trends and drivers" for DG CLIMA contains the quantitative econometric analysis at Member State level with interpretation of the results and recommendations of policy‐relevance. This report describes the systematic...

The strong amplification of global warming in the Arctic accelerates the rate of thawing of permafrost. This process could produce a positive feedback on global warming by emitting carbon into the atmosphere in the form of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The EC and EEAS Joint...