This report investigates the impact of unconventional gas, most notably shale gas, on European Union (EU) energy markets. In February 2011, the European Council stated that: "In order to further enhance its security of supply, Europe's potential for sustainable extraction and use of conventional...

The purpose of this study is to provide the Commission with the information necessary for the assessment of the economic, social, and environmental impacts of a possible extension of the scope of the EU product safety legislation (ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU, Pressure Equipment Directive...

The BREF entitled 'Refining of Mineral Oil and Gas' forms part of a series presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, and the Commission, to draw up, review, and where...

In Europe, the FOREST group of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) has recently developed highresolution (25m) pan-European forest cover maps of the year 2000 and for years 1990 and 2006. The maps for 1990 and 2000 are based on Landsat imagery and Corine land cover information data, which is...

This technical report presents the assessment protocol for forest/non-forest interpretation from high spatial resolution images that was used to estimate the accuracy of the second version of the Global Forest Cover map for the year 2020 (GFC2020). GFC2020 is a novel spatial representation of...

This document presents the second version of the Global map of Forest Cover for the year 2020 at 10 m spatial resolution (GFC2020 v2 dated 7 December 2024). This product is based on the combination of several global land cover / land use data sets and provides a spatially explicit representation...