Cross-border cooperation aims to tackle common challenges identified jointly by the Member States in the border regions, and to exploit the untapped growth potential. Many such regions generally perform less well economically than other regions within a Member State. We found that the...

The member states of the African Union established the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) in 2002 as a long-term structural response to the peace and security challenges on the African continent. Through the APSA, the African Union and mandated sub-regional organisations have access...

Erasmus+ is a well-known, successful EU brand. Between 2014 and 2020 it will provide support worth over €16 billion in the fields of education and training, youth and sport. We assessed the performance and European added value of learning mobility, a key action in Erasmus + which represents...

In this performance review, we assessed the CJEU's case management processes, in particular whether the procedures in place promoted the efficient handling of cases lodged and whether their timely resolution could be enhanced. In recent years the CJEU has increased its focus on timeliness of...

The European Court of Auditors is the EU's independent audit institution - guardians of the EU's finances. This publication provides a summary of the main findings and conclusions of the ECA's 2016 annual reports on the EU budget and the European Development Funds. It covers the reliability of...

In 2016, the warmest year on record, the world was on average 1.1 °C warmer than in the pre-industrial period. Climate change and its causes are no longer subject to serious scientific dispute. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, human influence on the climate system is...

We assessed whether the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) has been properly planned, deployed and managed. ERTMS is designed to replace the diverse railway signaling systems around Europe with a single system that enables trains to travel uninterrupted across different countries...

The European Court of Auditors is the EU's independent audit institution - guardians of the EU's finances. This publication provides a summary of the main findings and conclusions from the ECA's 2016 annual audits of the European agencies. It covers the reliability of the agencies' accounts, the...