We witness a new industrial revolution driven by digital data, computation and automation. Human activities, industrial processes and research, lead to a data collection and processing on an unprecedented scale, spurring new products and services as well as new business processes and scientific...

The extensive collection and further processing of personal information in the context of big data analytics has given rise to serious privacy concerns, especially relating to wide scale electronic surveillance, profiling, and disclosure of private data. In order to allow for all the benefits of...

Cyber security incidents are constantly increasing in frequency and magnitude, becoming more complex and unconstrained by borders. These incidents can cause major damage to the economy, and hence, cyber security is one of the biggest issues governments and businesses in the European Union (EU)...

European SMEs are increasingly dependent on their information systems and networks to provide services to customers and meet their business objectives. The use of new technologies brings new opportunities for enhanced business performance and operations, but also introduces several information...

The cyber insurance market is growing rapidly and it is expected to further expand by the adoption of the GDPR and the NIS Directive which will incentivise organisations falling under their provisions to seek ways of residual risk transfer. As the EU cyber insurance market is still at its early...

The purpose of this report is to understand and learn from the key developments of CSIRTs, ISACs, as well as relevant initiatives on information sharing on cyber security incidents in the energy sector. In particular, this report covers a number of subsectors of the energy sector, as follows:...

Security certification is very limited in industrial environments despite the growing cyber attacks to what is considered EU Member State Critical Information Infrastructure (CII). There are "good" reasons for this situation, however, the community questions around the contribution of...

To meet current and emerging cyber security threats, EU Member States need to constantly develop and adapt their cyber security strategies. National cyber security strategies (NCSS) are the main documents of nation states to set strategic principles, guidelines, and objectives and in some cases...

For the fourth consecutive year, last October the European Cyber Security Month (ECSM) campaign took place across Europe. The campaign was supported by ENISA, the European Commission, Europol's EC3 and the European Banking Federation, plus partners from the Member States, the support for which...