THINK was a project funded by the 7th Framework Programme from June 2010 until May 2013. It provided knowledge support to policy making by the European Commission in the context of the Strategic Energy Technology Plan. The project was organized around a multidisciplinary group of 23 experts from...

This booklet shares some of the research carried out by the Florence School of Regulation since 2010. We have looked at various areas: from smart grids to Schengen-like energy agreements, and from incentive regulation to European Gas Target Model.

Energy (and climate) will be high on the agenda of the next European Commission. EU citizens and industry expect a supply of energy that is affordable, secure, and sustainable. The National Energy and Climate Plans suggest that there is a widening gap between what Member States are willing to...

The current EU climate end energy package includes several policies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2020. The main instrument is the EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS). The complexity of this policy package flags up synergies and interactions among different climate policy...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. Existing demand-pull measures, namely carbon pricing and the Renewables Directive, will be insufficient to deliver an adequate and timely level of private RD&D in new clean energy technologies. Thus, in order to reach the EU 2020 and 2050...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. Cities represent simultaneously a challenge and an opportunity for climate change policy. Chapter 1 introduces the fundamentals of energy in cities, distinguishing between cities as energy systems and energy actors. Cities are the place...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. In March 2007, the European Council decided on a new integrated climate and energy policy designed to combat climate change, reduce import dependence and increase the competitiveness of the internal energy market. Two years later, a set of...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. In March 2007, the European Council decided on a new integrated climate and energy policy designed to combat climate change, reduce import dependence and increase the competitiveness of the internal energy market. Two years later, a set of...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. Cities represent simultaneously a challenge and an opportunity for climate change policy. Chapter 1 introduces the fundamentals of energy in cities, distinguishing between cities as energy systems and energy actors. Cities are the place...