In more recent years, the European Commission has placed much focus on the supply chain risks of clean energy technologies (CET). The subject's first direct assessment came as a result of the Joint Research Centre's (JRC) Critical Raw Materials studies, from 2016 onwards, which has received its...

At an EU-level, the shares of renewable energy sources (RES) in total, electricity (RES-E), heating and cooling (RES-H&C), and to a lesser extent also transport (RES-T) have been continuously increasing over the past years. In 2019, the EU reached a share of 18.9% of RES in gross final energy...