The determination of optimal fines to deter the formation or continuation of cartels is a major objective of competition policy. We provide an analysis of static and dynamic frameworks to characterize the restitution and deterrence properties of fines: cartel stability depends on their ability...

Connor and Lande (2006) conducted a survey of cartel overcharge estimates and found an average in the range of 31% to 49%. By examining more sources, Connor (2010b) finds a median of 23.3% for all type of cartels and a mean of 50.4% for successful cartels. However, the data used in these studies...

We present a methodology to assess the profitability of a capital intensive industry over a business cycle and to make projections of profitability for different investment strategies under various hypothetical scenarios for environmental and competition policies. The methodology is applied to...

The method of moments proposed by Carrasco and Florens (2000) permits to fully exploit the information contained in the characteristic function and yields an estimator which is asymptotically as efficient as the maximum likelihood estimator. However, this estimation procedure depends on a...

A review of the theoretical properties of the GMM with a continuum of moment conditions is presented. Numerical methods for its implementation are discussed. A simulation study based on the stable distribution and an empirical application based on the autoregressive variance Gamma model are...

A curse of dimensionality arises when using the Continuum-GMM procedure to estimate large dimensional models. Two solutions are proposed, both of which convert the high di- mensional model into a continuum of reduced information sets. Under certain regularity conditions, each reduced information...

We design adaptive realized kernels to estimate the integrated volatility in a framework that combines a stochastic volatility model with leverage effect for the efficient price and a semiparametric microstructure noise model speci…ed at the highest frequency. Some time dependence parameters of...

We show that resale-below-cost laws enable producers to impose industry-wide price-floors to retailers. This mechanism suppresses downstream competition but also and more surprisingly dampens upstream competition, leading to higher prices and lower welfare. Price-floor may be more profitable for...

This paper analyzes the impact of a merger in the French retail sector on food prices, using a consumer panel data. We perform a di fference-in-diff erences analysis by comparing price changes in stores for which the local market structure is aff ected by the merger to unaff ected stores. In...

The sale of ideas (e.g. through licensing) facilitates vertical specialization and the division of labor between research and development. This specialization can improve the overall efficiency of the innovative process. However, these gains depend on the timing of the sale: the buyer of an idea...