The 2014 Broadband Cost Reduction Directive (BCRD) seeks to support the deployment of high speed broadband by reducing costs associated with civil works and streamlining administrative procedures for network deployment. The BCRD is ripe for review in light of new EU objectives to foster Gigabit...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is developing fast and the benefits of adopting AI are widely recognized. AI applications can contribute to better public services, e.g. by improving citizen-government interaction, enabling smarter analytical capabilities or improving efficiency across public-sector...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a driving force for the digitalisation and competitiveness of the EU economy. This Study aims to identify IoT-related deficiencies in various IoT-related EU regulatory areas, such as the functioning of IoT/M2M roaming provisions, numbering, security, spectrum and...

Increased digitalisation creates both a challenge and an opportunity for the participation of persons with disabilities. Digital services can remove barriers encountered in the physical world. At the same time, online services and websites that are not accessible, can create new types of...

Over the past decades, ICT products have allowed our society to become smarter and more connected, offering new benefits to consumers while creating opportunities to businesses across the EU. Meanwhile, the pervasiveness of ICT products within the EU Single Market has brought forward unforeseen...

ICF, Wavestone and CEPS were awarded the contract to carry out the study to support the review of Directive (EU) 2016/1148 concerning measures for a high common level of security of network and information systems across the Union (NIS Directive) - N° 2020-665. This study followed the Better...

This Study, completed for the European Commission, DG CONNECT, supports the Impact Assessment of the European Commission's proposed Regulation on a European approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI). The study is divided into four main sections. Section 1 of the Study is dedicated to a...