‘Modulation’ is a policy mechanism for shifting funding from the part of the CAP budget dedicated to providing direct payments to farmers (Pillar 1) to the European Agriculture Fund for Rural Development (Pillar 2), which aims to provide targeted support to rural areas, to improve the...

In 2012, the European Commission (EC) launched the Bioeconomy Strategy and Action Plan with the objective of establishing a resource efficient and competitive society that reconciles food security with the sustainable use of renewable resources. This report contributes to the plan by evaluating...

In 2012, the European Commission (EC) launched the Bioeconomy Strategy and Action Plan with the objective of establishing a resource efficient and competitive society that reconciles food security with the sustainable use of renewable resources. This report contributes to the plan by evaluating...