the bidding competition for the innovation and by increasing the relative profitability of being the most efficient firm …We show that, in the case when innovations are for sale, increased product market competition, captured by reduced … in the industry. Moreover, it is shown that increased intensity of competition can increase the relative profitability of …

domestically-owned firms is through the impact on competition. We examine the effect of FDI on competition in the Chinese … manufacturing sector and the effect of competition on firms’ R&D. Our analysis is conducted on a large dataset including all Chinese … large and medium sized firms over the period 1998-2004. Our results show that FDI increases competition but there are no …

ownership and competition appear to be about equally important for the consequences of public sector outsourcing. …