The paper assesses the degree of banking competition and efficiency in Italy?over time as well as compared to that in … highcost, high-income system, particularly with respect to retail/services, and efficiency gains have yet to fully materialize …

date and also discusses Fund advice for managing the price increases. Policies should (i) ensure that food and finance …

, or correctly defined, shadow prices. We show how shadow prices may be integrated into an analysis of tax and price reform …

The author-a top decision maker at the IMF for two decades-first focuses on the system of quotas and voting power in … the IMF and concludes that it calls for reforms to enhance equity among the membership. He then examines decision making … Financial Committee. In that context, the author also comments on the impact on IMF decision making of the activities of groups …

This paper presents a draft Decision that reflects the guidance provided by the Board. In February, the Board endorsed … three overarching principles to guide a new Decision: (i) no new obligations for members, together with confirmation that …

The proposed Decision seeks to implement the staff's proposals related to Article IV consultation cycles in Review of … the Fund's Mandate-Follow-Up on Modernizing Surveillance, which were endorsed in principle by the Executive Board on …