The standard source for pre-WWII global freight rate trends is the Isserlis British tramp shipping index. We think it … the precipitous decline in nominal freight rates before the World War I, but it also extends the series to the 1940s …. Furthermore, our new series is linked to the post-World War II era (documented by David Hummels), so that we can be more precise …

production by other countries raises the bar for producing new-to-the-world technology domestically, outweighing the positive …

of China into the world economy may hurt countries that are driven to specialize in production due to HMEs, although …

basis. A new data set is used which encompasses most of the world's innovative activity at the industry-level between the …