the unemployment rate, but also by changes in the proportion of formal or protected jobs. This reallocation between formal … workers to informal jobs, where job separation is high. They are also likely to increase unemployment. …

This paper is intended to make a contribution to the empirical literature explaining the rise of unemployment since the … successfully absorb the workers released from the agriculture and industry sector. The result is higher unemployment. …

panel of outflows, unemployment and vacancy stocks data from the registers at Jobcentres in the UK; these are mapped on to … theory. For example, we find that conditional on local labour market conditions, high unemployment levels in neighbouring … areas raise the number of local filled vacancies but lower the local outflow from unemployment. …

more dynamic. This paper studies the implications of such reforms for the duration distribution of unemployment, with … drawn from the Spanish Labor Force Survey from 1980 to 1994 to analyze the chances of leaving unemployment before and after …-parametric estimation of the model also shows that for long spells, the probability of leaving unemployment has decreased since such reform. …

,000 children into adulthood, we show that the negative effect of unemployment on mental health and life satisfaction is almost four … times larger for workers who had been bullied a lot in their early life. We also find zero adaptation to unemployment for …

. Adaptation to marriage, divorce, birth of child and widowhood appears to be rapid and complete; this is not so for unemployment …