Given the intensive demands that collecting attendance data places on program staff, it can often be challenging to collect and might result in a fair amount of missing data, which can compromise the reliability and validity of attendance estimates. Little is known about which methods for...

Missing data are often a problem in social science data. Imputation methods fill in the missing responses and lead, under certain conditions, to valid inference. This article reviews several imputation methods used in the social sciences and discusses advantages and disadvantages of these...