When materials offshoring is measured by estimating imported intermediate inputs, a common assumption used is that an … the 3-digit I-O industry level, there is a correlation of 0.68 between the offshoring shares made with and without the …

multi-product firms, offshoring, intra-firm trade and firm export market dynamics …

relative to non-exporters. Employment, shipments and capital intensity are all higher at exporters at any given moment. This … exporters. The benefits of exporting for the firm are less clear. Employment" growth and the probability of survival are both …

the labor force participation of younger persons in twelve countries. We found no evidence that increasing the employment … of older persons will reduce the employment opportunities of youth and no evidence that increasing the employment of … reforms were not prompted by changes in health status or by changes in the employment circumstances of older workers. We find …