much less, in (continental) Europe over the same time period. I review the two most popular explanations for these … differential trends: that relative supply of skills increased faster in Europe, and that European labor market institutions … where labor market institutions creating wage compression in Europe also encourage more investment in technologies …

the 1790s and later under Napoleon invaded and controlled large parts of Europe. Together with invasion came various …

This paper documents that the Rise of (Western) Europe between 1500 and 1850 is largely accounted for by the growth of …. Atlantic trade and colonialism affected Europe both directly, and indirectly by inducing institutional changes. In particular …, the growth of New World, African, and Asian trade after 1500 strengthened new segments of the commercial bourgeoisie, and …

trade leads to a stable world income distribution. This is because specialization and trade introduce de facto diminishing … perspective time-series behavior of the world economy is similar to that of existing endogenous growth models, with the world … country level, the cross-sectional behavior of the world economy is similar to that of existing exogenous growth models: cross …