European unemployment is widely regarded as a problem of excessive real wages. This view as it is usually expressed … unemployed because it suggests that increases in employment will require reductions in the real wages of those currently employed …. The first part of this paper shows that increases in employment in Europe are likely to be associated with rising real …

harmed either employment or GDP. Even unemployment benefits do not have robustly negative effects … costly since about 1980, not through overall employment effects, but through the net human-capital cost of protecting senior …

-market recovery from financial crises is characterized by either higher unemployment ("jobless recovery") or a lower real wage …

and Sweden). We conduct inference with mixed frequency data, combining quarterly series for unemployment, vacancies, GDP …, consumption, and investment, with annual data on unemployment flows. Parameters and shocks are estimated separately for each … country, which can then vary in terms of search and hiring costs, workers' bargaining power, unemployment benefits levels …

whether the inflow of immigrants in the period 1996-2007 decreased employment rates and/or if it altered the occupational …

cause of the increase in European unemployment, they may have played some role in limiting European employment growth …This paper develops the thesis that credit market frictions may be an important contributor to high unemployment in … market imperfections, so unemployment rises and remains high for an extended period. The data show that there has not been …

surprising miracle occurred the leaver nations are alleged to have enjoyed a burst of real growth and a decline in unemployment … pronounced if it were not for quiescent wage rates, which the paper attributes to high unemployment. The absence of any …

This paper starts from two sets of facts about Continental Europe.The first is the steady increase in unemployment … larger increase since the mid-1980s. The paper then develops a model of capital accumulation, unemployment and factor prices …. Using this model to look at the data, it reaches two main conclusions: The initial increase in unemployment, from the mid …