the fact a substantial share of imports are subsequently incorporated into Chinese exports. We find that some of these … exchange rate - but the relationships are not always precisely or robustly estimated. Chinese exports are generally well … sensitive to the treatment of time trends. Estimates of aggregate imports are more problematic. In many cases, Chinese aggregate …

effects of expanding exports to increase support for the incumbent's party, and job insecurity from import competition to … diminish such support. Our national-level models show for the first time that increasing imports are associated with decreasing … incumbent vote shares, and increasing exports correlate with increasing vote shares for incumbents. These effects are large and …

We use data on Chinese manufacturing firms to study the connection between individual firm imports and firm export … as instruments. Our regression results show that firms that expanded their intermediate input imports expanded the volume … of their exports and increased their export scope, though the magnitude of the effects differed by import source, firm …