Using detailed data on biotechnology in Japan, we find that identifiable collaborations" between particular university …

-based innovation system. We develop an analytical model where startups are more efficient at solving technical challenges and …

This paper considers the U.S. Small Business Innovation research (SBIR) program as a policy fostering academic … entrepreneurship. We highlight two main characteristics of the program that make it attractive as an entrepreneurship policy: early … the incidence of biomedical entrepreneurship through SBIR and describe some of the characteristics of these individuals …

We estimate differences in innovation behavior between foreign versus U.S.-born entrepreneurs in high-tech industries … characteristics and innovation activities. We find uniformly higher rates of innovation in immigrant-owned firms for 15 of 16 … different innovation measures; the only exception is for copyright/trademark. The immigrant advantage holds for older firms as …

. Here we explore the importance within the biotechnology industry of the non-financial metrics firms used to convey value … was a change over time in the importance of various metrics in determining the value of a biotechnology firm. We find that … value. Our results also suggest that the biotechnology regime changed and the Nobel Prize lost its luster as a signal of …

countries flock to learn how to develop an innovation ecosystem. However, the domestic market alone is far too small and … homegrown capital formation insufficient to foster that innovation. Globalization has been essential. The paper reviews the …