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The Acquisition and Commercialization of Invention in American Manufacturing: Incidence and Impact

Arora, Ashish; Cohen, Wesley M.; Walsh, John P. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

, suppliers and technology specialists. We also estimate the contribution of each source to innovation in the US economy. Although … rate of innovation in the economy. Indeed, results from a multinomial logit model suggest that, were the outside … availability of innovation to be removed, the percentage of innovating firms in the U.S. manufacturing sector would drop from 18 …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951285

Public R&D Investments and Private-sector Patenting: Evidence from NIH Funding Rules

Graff Zivin, Joshua; Azoulay, Pierre; Li, Danielle; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015

We quantify the impact of scientific grant funding at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on patenting by pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms. Our paper makes two contributions. First, we use newly constructed bibliometric data to develop a method for flexibly linking specific grant...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011254922

Cash-out or flame-out! Opportunity cost and entrepreneurial strategy: Theory, and evidence from the information security industry

Arora, Ashish; Nandkumar, Anand - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

), especially in innovation based industries. Striving for a cash-out makes mistakes more likely and increases the probability of …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008624629

Implications for Energy Innovation from the chemical industry

Arora, Ashish; Gambardella, Alfonso - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

The history of innovation in the chemical industry offers many insights for accelerating energy innovation. In this … chapter, we begin by laying out the early history of the chemical industry for an overview of the role innovation has played … coal to oil, and briefly analyze two government programs that have attempted to promote innovation: synthetic rubber and …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008631696

Superstar Extinction

Graff Zivin, Joshua; Azoulay, Pierre; Wang, Jialan - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

We estimate the magnitude of spillovers generated by 112 academic "superstars" who died pre- maturely and unexpectedly, thus providing an exogenous source of variation in the structure of their collaborators' coauthorship networks. Following the death of a superstar, we find that collaborators...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005029675

The Globalization of the Software Industry: Perspectives and Opportunities for Developed and Developing Countries

Arora, Ashish; Gambardella, Alfonso - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2004

The spectacular growth of the software industry in some non-G7 economies has aroused both interest and concern. This paper addresses two sets of inter-related issues. First, we explore the determinants of these successful stories. We then touch upon the broader question of what lessons, if any,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005085393

The Economic Impact of AIDS Treatment: Labor Supply in Western Kenya

Thirumurthy, Harsha; Graff Zivin, Joshua; Goldstein, Markus - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2005

Using longitudinal survey data collected in collaboration with a treatment program, this paper is the first to estimate the economic impacts of antiretroviral treatment in Africa. The responses in two important outcomes are studied: (1) labor supply of adult AIDS patients receiving treatment;...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005084573

Killing the Golden Goose? The Decline of Science in Corporate R&D

Arora, Ashish; Belenzon, Sharon; Patacconi, Andrea - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015

Scientific knowledge is believed to be the wellspring of innovation. Historically, firms have also invested in research … to fuel innovation and growth. In this paper, we document a shift away from scientific research by large corporations … innovation. Large firms appear to value the golden eggs of science (as reflected in patents) but not the golden goose itself (the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011159880

Going Soft: How the Rise of Software Based Innovation Led to the Decline of Japan's IT Industry and the Resurgence of Silicon Valley

Arora, Ashish; Branstetter, Lee G.; Drev, Matej - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

This paper documents a shift in the nature of innovation in the information technology (IT) industry. Using … comprehensive data on all IT patents granted by the USPTO from 1980-2002, we find strong evidence of a change in IT innovation that … is systematic, substantial, and increasingly dependent on software. This change in the nature of IT innovation has had …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008624577

Incentives and Creativity: Evidence from the Academic Life Sciences

Graff Zivin, Joshua; Azoulay, Pierre; Manso, Gustavo - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

Despite its presumed role as an engine of economic growth, we know surprisingly little about the drivers of scientific creativity. In this paper, we exploit key differences across funding streams within the academic life sciences to estimate the impact of incentives on the rate and direction of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008628436