Lobbying, as a way to influence and inform governments, has been part of democracy for at least two centuries, and … remains a legitimate tool for influencing public policies. However, it carries risks of undue influence. Lobbying in the 21st … have made in implementing the OECD Principles for Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying. It reflects on new challenges and …

Lobbying can improve policy making by providing valuable insights and data, but it can also result in unfair advantages … for vested interests if the process is opaque and standards are lax. Lobbying is resource intensive. The financial … services sector in the United States spent USD 3.4 billion lobbying the federal government between 1998 and 2008, principally …

Integrity in Lobbying – the only international instrument addressing major risks in the public decision-making process related … to lobbying. The review process found that although there is an emerging consensus on the need for transparency to shed … light on lobbying, new regulations are often scandal-driven instead of forward looking. In countries that have regulations …

Lobbying and influence activities are legitimate acts of democratic participation and enable different groups to … special interest groups. The report also explores how to improve transparency and facilitate the disclosure of lobbying and … could help strengthen the lobbying framework. …