Population growth and size have remained the focus of debate for centuries but the recent demographic transition in developing countries has made social scientists take note of the changing age structure of the population as well. As a result of declining population growth and consequent changes...

The concept ‘middle class’ is one of the most commonly used terms in the social sciences, including economics, sociology and political science. Despite its frequent use there is, however, no consensus on what the term exactly implies and its meaning remains ambiguous depending primarily on...

Unemployment is one of the major factors in low Economic development of Pakistan and especially KPK, due to a number of factors and gaps on demand and supply side. Unemployment is on the rise, which needs to be minimised. Large part of the working community is involved in unrelated jobs meaning...

Public property common pool resources in many developing countries are often portrayed in dismal states allegedly due to governments’ inability to manage them in a sustainable manner. While this explanation may have some merit, it is certainly inadequate. Instead, we argue that public property...

This study investigates the existence of accrual anomaly by using a sample of 340 non-financial firms listed at Karachi Stock Exchange. The objective of the study is to examine the persistence of the accruals and cash flow components and their respective effect on future stock prices and a hedge...

This study evaluates the link between disaggregate energy consumption (coal, petroleum, electricity, renewable energy consumption), economic growth and environment for Asian Developing countries. Cointegration tests verify long run relationship among energy consumption and growth, energy...