"While there is a great deal of anecdotal evidence on the economic effects of adverse health shocks, there is relatively little hard empirical evidence. The author builds on recent empirical work to explore in the context of postreform Vietnam two related issues: (1) how far household income and...

The purpose of this study is to conduct a baseline survey on the cost and efficiency in Primary Health Care (PHC) Centers in Serbia before the implementation of the payment reforms. Results can be used to inform the payment reform and to establish a baseline on health sector performance...

Out-of-pocket payments (OOPs) are direct (at the point of service) financial contributions or co-payments by patients and their families associated with consumption of medical products (such as medicines) and/or services. They can be formal as well as informal payments. Together with taxation,...