include measures of innovation outcomes as well as variables related to innovation effort. The main indicator of innovation … outputs is patents. The main variables related to innovation inputs are investment in research and development (R&D) and … of innovation outputs and inputs by looking at the over-time behavior of the relevant series and comparing the …

A functional review by the World Bank of Romania's research, development and innovation (RD&I) sector has been … World Bank Higher Education Review team and the EC's DG Research and Innovation -- presents observations and recommendations …

"Using a new global data base on patents and innovation inputs, the authors examine the process of knowledge creation … developing countries by testing for the impact of measures of the functioning of the national innovation system-the set of …

"It is so widely recognized that innovation is a key driver of economic growth that it is cliche to say so. This … article studies product innovation by firms with data from 68 countries, covering more than 25,000 firms in eight … manufacturing sectors. The author assesses the predictions of inter-disciplinary research on innovation by firms. The econometric …

"Innovation is key to technology adoption and creation, and to explaining the vast differences in productivity across … and within countries. Despite the central role of the entrepreneur in the innovation process, data limitations have … restricted standard analysis of the determinants of innovation to consideration of the role of firm characteristics. The authors …

outlook in the context of global economic prospects. It focuses on the role of innovation in fostering economic growth, job … from this analysis suggest that policies to spur innovation can go a long way in addressing unemployment, poverty and …