"With the exception of South Africa, local financial markets in sub-Saharan Africa remain underdeveloped and small … are emerging in Africa, there is a shift from defined benefit toward defined contribution plans, and African institutional …

half-way to the level in South Africa is more important than a substantive cut in tariff barriers. As an example, improving … logistics in Ethiopia half-way to the level in South Africa would be roughly equivalent to a 7.5 percent cut in tariffs faced by …

This paper presents the strategy vision for Africa of promoting tourism. The strategy relies on four pillars: policy …, implementation of the Africa Region Tourism Strategy, will focus interventions in these four areas in order to address the persistent … constraints to the growth of tourism in Africa. Combined, these interventions will enable high-demand tourism products to compete …

-Saharan Africa was supportive of growth, with monetary policy focused on managing inflation and fiscal policy focused on pro …