Somalia's history of conflict reveals an intriguing paradox--namely, many of the factors that drive armed conflict have … conflict--used to divide Somalis, fuel endemic clashes over resources and power, used to mobilize militia, and make broad … conflict mediation, clan-based customary law serves as the basis for negotiated settlements, and clan-based blood …

This report examines youth in post-conflict Burundi. The research responds to the nascent but growing body of knowledge … on conflict, young men and gender. War and violence have devastated societies and economies throughout Africa with young … at youth and young men in particular in two countries emerging from years of ethnic conflict, with a view to identifying …

Fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV) in middle-income countries is one of today's major development challenges. It … report outlines the extent of the issue, mapping patterns of violence and conflict in middle-income countries. Drawing on a … series of case studies, it looks at how the World Bank has worked on FCV in middle-income countries, what the challenges have …

progressivity of health care financing. Pakistan's government is committed to improving the equity of health outcomes and the … ability to offer financial protection in the health sector through the implementation of the National Health Policy. Pakistan …The health equity and financial protection reports are short country-specific volumes that provide a picture of equity …

Eritrea is one of the poorest countries in the world, with an average annual per capita income of US$ 200 in 2006, and … has provided access to fiscal data for a review of the education and health sectors. There have been significant … tertiary education following investments in 2005 to provide an additional five colleges. The general health status of Eritrea …

: enormous health care costs and productivity/income losses. Of all global deaths from CVD, 65 percent occur in developing … established CVD is expensive and resource intensive. Unregulated private health systems tend to direct a large proportion of …

Nepal has seen impressive improvements in health outcomes and has done well both in its rate of progress and relative … population health outcomes remain large and are increasing. For example, not only is the decline in infant mortality not uniform … protection mechanism against the financial risk of ill health. There is growing demand to expand the package as well as the …

The note analyzes overall trends in government health financing and expenditure patterns and discusses some of the … efficiency and equity issues pertaining to current government health spending patterns. The policy note is one of a series of … health financing analyses, complementing earlier policy notes focusing on out-of-pocket spending as well as community …

of Kyrgyz social expenditures, giving particular emphasis to health and education expenditures, would be valuable. This … 1 provides an overview of the findings on health, education, and social protection. Volume 2 offers more detailed … critiques of expenditures and policies on health and education. …